Glycemic Index Foods
What is the Glycemic Index?
The Glycemic Index, GI, is a scale that ranks carbohydrate-rich foods in order of how they affect body’s blood sugar levels( glucose) compared to glucose or white bread. The GI of glucose is 100.
Not all the carbs have the same effect on body. After we eat, foods that contain carbohydrates, our blood glucose level rises with a speed called ” Glycemic Response”. Glycemic response is influenced by the amount of the food we eat, type of the food, and how the food is processed or prepared. When we eat a boiled potato, glucose levels spike in milliseconds. With legumes or fruits and vegetables, they go up in about 30 minutes. In general, the lower the glycemic response the better the quality of food. Foods that have lower Glycemic Response,Glycemic Index, cause only small fluctuations in blood sugar levels or insulin levels reducing the risk of coronary heart disease and diabetes in the long term and helping the body to maintain a healthy weight.
Glycemic Index Range
Carbs, based on their GI rank, are categorized to three groups, Low, Medium and High GI Foods.
What do the numbers mean?
- Low GI foods are foods with a GI less than 55. They cause a slower and lower rise in blood glucose levels. Examples are Porridge, Apple and Sweet Potato.
- Intermediate GI foods are foods with a GI between 55 and 70. They cause blood glucose levels to go up at a moderate rate. Examples are Pineapple, New Potato and Mango.
- High GI foods are foods with a GI greater than 70. They cause a rapid rise in blood glucose levels. Examples are Jasmine rice, Cornflake and Watermelon.
How is the GI measured?
Firstly, a small group of volunteers are each given a serve of food that contains 50 grams of carbohydrate. Their blood glucose levels are measured every 15 minutes, for the next 2 – 3 hours. The results are then plotted on a graph and a computer program measures the size of the graph. The average response of the group to each food is then compared to the response to the standard (glucose) to create the GI.
Glycemic Index Food List – High Medium and Low
Breads, Grains & Pastabaguette – 95 wholemeal bread – 69 linguine – 50 |
Fruitsdates,dried – 103 pineapple – 66 banana – 53 |
Snacksrice cakes – 82 *mars bars – 68 *potato chips/crisps – 54 |
CerealsRice Krispies – 82 Shredded Wheat – 69 Porridge, non instant – 49 |
Cakes/biscuitsRice cakes – 82 Ryvita – 67 |
Potatoes, root cropparsnips – 97 beetroot – 64 boiled potatoes – 56 |
Vegetablessweet corn – 55 green peas – 48 |
LegumesBaked Beans – 48 |
Dairy*Ice cream – 61 *Ice cream (low fat) – 50 Milk, semi-skimmed – 34 |
SugarsMaltose – 105 Sucrose – 65 Lactose – 46 |
BeveragesGatorade – 78 Soft drinks,fanta – 68 Grapefruit juice – 48 |
Amounts based on 50 grammes of carbohydrate per serving High Glycemic Index Food GI (more than 70) Foods with GI index between 55 and 70 are considered intermediate Low Glycemic Index Food (less than 55) **low in calorie and nutritious foods |